How Purpose-built LLMs augment Qualitative Research

Ever wondered how exactly the world of GenAI x Qualitative Research works? Purpose-built LLMs are those designed for Consumer Research/ Insights as a domain. Rather than using a one-size-fits-all model, these solutions use domain-specific training, fine-tuned models or structured pipelines; to better assist process Qualitative data. In other words – if ChatGPT/ Claude/ Gemini/ CoPilot were to be considered an all-purpose axe, a Purpose-built LLM would be a chef’s knife.

Purpose-built LLM solutions can typically be classified into these categories:

Prompt wrappers: The simplest form is pre-defined prompts and an interface on top of a generic LLM. For example, a tool might offer users a button titled ‘Summarize’… which (at the backend) sends a well-crafted prompt to ChatGPT-4. This saves the user from thinking up and refining prompts, each time they want to summarize a particular dataset (or a part of it). Wrappers are easy, user-friendly and cost-effective ways to leverage AI for a specific use.

Enhanced AI workflows: These go further by structuring the analysis process and adding checks. An enhancer prepares data by breaking a large task into smaller steps, and then validating or refining the AI’s output before showing it to the user. For instance, it might first ask the LLM to identify potential themes, then use a separate prompt to verify each theme with supporting quotes from the data. The result – more reliable, detailed insights; rather than those emerging from a single-pass generic prompt.

Custom-trained models: Here, the AI isn’t using just general knowledge. Instead, it has learned from a body of Qualitative Research data eg. thousands of past interview transcripts. This approach might involve using an existing model architecture and feeding it with your data, so it learns the terminology and patterns unique to your field​. For example, a Fashion brand might fine-tune an LLM on all their past focus group transcripts, yielding a model that deeply understands Fashion Retail consumer language. This helps deliver highly nuanced insights that a generic model couldn’t easily replicate​.

To sum up, Purpose-built LLM solutions are meant to be bespoke assistants for researchers – designed to deliver secure, relevant and often more insightful analysis than one could get by using a generic AI alone. The trade-off is – investing in a specialized tool or development effort. For many, that investment is worthwhile to get research-grade insights that are ready to drive decision-making.